… The non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD; defined in this study as the use of
prescription drugs “to get high”) has increased substantially in recent years, leading policymakers …

… prescribed opioids but use them non-… non-medical PO (NMPO) use identifies fewer non-medical
users compared to several items designed to assess various types of non-medical use (…

… the importance of strain theory on suicide behavior. Various types of strain have been
associated with psychopathology and suicide behavior across various samples and situations. For …

… substance use disorders and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal behaviors. There
is paucity of studies exploring the association of substance use with history of suicide attempts …

… Drug Use and Health Survey. We utilized demographic and substance use questions with
each suicide behavior. … The proportion of individuals who reported using nonmedical opioids …

… of NMUPD and the non-medical use of hormones in transgender persons and to assess
relationships among these behaviors, other substance use, and psychiatric symptoms. …

… of nonmedical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) and suicidality. … using the 2016 National
Survey on Drug Use and Health. … association of nonmedical opioid use with suicidality as a …

… Although the current study did not assess the source of opioid pills from students, medical
use of prescription opioids often precedes nonmedical use. Thus, implementing behavioral …

… As the focus of the present study was solely on suicidal behavior, … clear distinction between
suicidal and non-suicidal behavior. … reporting lifetime, nonmedical use of sedatives compared …

… , 435,819) in 2016 for harms from nonmedical use of pharmaceuticals and 41.1% resulted in
… estimated emergency department visits for nonmedical use of pharmaceuticals but were the …