… -art ocular safety assessment tools, and the knowledge of drug … design and execution of
toxicity studies with the incorporation of current methods for in vivo assessment of ocular toxicity…

… animal use is primarily concentrated on toxicology studies since no government agency to
date has eliminated animal use in basic biomedical research or pharmaceutical development. …

… drug developments, but the amounts of published information in the sensory organs are
much smaller than those in other organs and tissues. In addition, these sensory organs have …

… in OITSs, especially in case that the study is limited to an evaluation of ocular toxicities. … for
noninvasive monitoring of drug-induced ocular toxicities. The ocular imaging technologies we …

… histology examination may identify unwanted adverse effects of therapies of the posterior
segment, thereby playing an important role in these early stages of drug development [8– 11] . …

… Since human data pertaining to ocular hazards are only available from either accidental …
tools used to assess ocular toxicity. Regulatory agencies require ocular hazard classification …

… in assessing tbe potential ocular irritation of a drug product. Additionally, these in vivo assays
would provide systemic toxicity data for review in the drug development … of ocular toxicity. …

… ocular drug development, safety assessment, ocular immunology, anatomy and physiology,
and examples of toxicology and drug… for ocular toxicity studies using the same ocular route of …

… ability to identify ocular toxicity early in drug development. The early use of in silico tools
will also guide the design and timing of subsequent, more definitive in vitro and in vivo studies. …

… of choice in ocular toxicity and pharmacokinetic studies. Rabbits are the most common
species used for ocular toxicity testing, and the rabbit eye is large enough to perform accurate …