… pain states in both humans and laboratory animals. Of the variety of substances released by
activated immune and glial cells… Although this review focuses on immune modulation of pain…

… for many novel pain mediators. The old … cells—predominantly immune and glial cells. The
evidence is now growing apace that these are important mediators of persistent pain states …

… Activation of immune and immune-like glial cells in the injured … pain chronicity is established.
This review will critically examine the role of the immune system in modulating chronic pain …

… Glial cells, also known as neuroglia, are nonconducting cells that modulate neurotransmission
at the synaptic level. Glial cells can be … pain state, but rather potentiation of a pain state. …

… of glial cells in the context of pain. This chapter explores the available literature to objectively
ponder the potential role of glial cells in human pain … from acute to persistent pain states. …

… of common clinical pain states. In this review we focus on immune and glial cell responses
to … Recognition of the critical involvement of immune cells and glia in the pathophysiological …

… In the spinal cord, microglia, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes form a large group of glial
cells. Microglia are the immune system's ambassadors to the CNS, closely related to …

… immune cells and glia in the modulation of pain. All four opioid receptors have been identified
at the mRNA and protein levels in immune cells (… immune and glial cells to pain control. …

… Thus, glial cells can powerfully control pain when they are activated to produce various pain
… cord is an important feature of glial activation because, in the resting state, very few glial …

… Schwann cells may contribute to some neuropathic pain states, … population of satellite glial
cells, as well as cells expressing … of T cells that perform an immune surveillance function as in …