Behavioral rating scales for dyskinesia in the non‐human primate are frequently used to
assess the efficacy of new treatments and to provide a clinical correlative with …

Levodopa‐induced dyskinesia (LID) is a major limitation of long‐term management of
Parkinson's disease. The roadblocks that have hindered the development of new treatments …

Abstract The Hyperkinetic Abnormal Movements Scale (HAMS) was developed based on
extensive observation of normal and abnormal movements in squirrel monkeys. The …

Studies in MPTP‐lesioned nonhuman primates have demonstrated the potential of
nondopaminergic drugs in reducing the problems of levodopa‐induced dyskinesia (LID) …

We developed and tested a rating scale aimed to capture the essential features of
dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although several scales assess selected attributes …

Drug‐induced dyskinesia is a common phenomenon in Parkinson's disease (PD) and is
often socially as well as physically disabling for patients. The Movement Disorders Society …

We developed and tested the clinimetric properties of a scale for psychogenic movement
disorders (PMDs). PMDs are disabling but lack any generally accepted treatment strategies …

Drug‐induced dyskinesias (DID) manifested as hyperkinetic and/or dystonic movements or
postures are common problems in Parkinson's disease (PD). Novel therapeutic interventions …

Abstract The Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS) has been introduced as a
comprehensive rating tool for the evaluation of dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease (PD). To …

Presynaptic denervation is likely to play an important role in the pathophysiology of
dyskinesias that develop after levodopa administration to patients with Parkinson's disease …