Mutationally activated and oncogenic versions of the ras genes were first identified in human
tumors in 1982. This discovery prompted great interest in the development of anti-Ras …

Ras genes are frequently activated in cancer. Attempts to develop drugs that target mutant
Ras proteins have, so far, been unsuccessful. Tumors bearing these mutations, therefore …

Introduction: The Ras proteins (K-Ras, N-Ras, and H-Ras) are GTPases that function as
molecular switches for a variety of critical cellular activities and their function is tightly and …

Ras proteins play a major role in human cancers but have not yielded to therapeutic attack.
Ras-driven cancers are among the most difficult to treat and often excluded from therapies …

The RAS proteins control signalling pathways that are key regulators of several aspects of
normal cell growth and malignant transformation. They are aberrant in most human tumours …

Despite more than three decades of intensive effort, no effective pharmacological inhibitors
of the RAS oncoproteins have reached the clinic, prompting the widely held perception that …

Ras is a 21 kDa membrane-localized G protein that is coupled to receptor and non-receptor
tyrosine kinase activation of downstream cytoplasmic and nuclear events. Mutated ras …

Abstract RAS mutations (HRAS, NRAS, and KRAS) are among the most common
oncogenes, and around 19% of patients with cancer harbor RAS mutations. Cells harboring …

Ras proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins that are central to the control of
normal and transformed cell growth and that are mutated in approximately 30% of human …

About a third of all human cancers harbor mutations in one of the K-, N-, or HRAS genes that
encode an abnormal RAS protein locked in a constitutively activated state to drive malignant …