Air pollutants, such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen compounds and others, affect health of
forests in Europe and North America. Gaseous air pollutants enter plants mainly through …

Outcomes from the 22nd meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest
Ecosystems “Forests under Anthropogenic Pressure Effects of Air Pollution, Climate Change …

At high elevations a combination of environmental factors restricts the distribution of forest
ecosystems. In addition to these natural limitations, high mountains are particularly prone to …

Air pollution can have direct effects on trees. It can cause visible injury to foliage and a
disruption of physiological processes, such as photosynthesis and carbon allocation …

General physiological responses of forest trees to atmospheric pollution are well-
documented (Smith 1974, Heath 1980, Guderian 1985, McLaughlin 1985, Wellburn 1988 …

Chronic doses of ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen fluoride and other primary
or secondary gaseous air contaminants may cause subtle effects on forest ecosystems. Air …

The effects of ozone and other photochemical oxidants on individual trees have been
studied for several decades, but there has been much less research on the potential effects …

There is not much question that plants are sensitive to air pollution, nor is there doubt that air
pollution is affecting forests and agriculture worldwide. In this book, specific criteria and …

Responses of Plants to Air Pollution examines the effects of air pollutants, individually and
synergistically, on both higher and lower plants. The subject matter overlaps into a wide …

The perceived health of forest ecosystems over large temporal and spatial scales can be
strongly influenced by the frames of reference chosen to evaluate both forest condition and …