Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)
have been implicated in diverse cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, and …

We have examined highly purified osteoclasts that were generated in vitro from murine co‐
culture of marrow precursors with stromal support cells and have found evidence of …

Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that differentiate from hematopoietic cells and possess
characteristics responsible for bone resorption. To study the involvement of mitogen …

The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) induces osteoclast differentiation from bone
marrow cells in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor. We found that …

The crucial role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase for osteoclast differentiation has
been suggested from studies with specific pharmacological inhibitors and dominant …

Osteoclast activation involves attachment to the mineralized bone matrix and reorganization
of the cytoskeleton, leading to polarization of the cell. Signaling molecules, PI3-kinase, rho …

The mechanism by which TPA‐induced PKC activity modulates osteoclastogenesis is not
clear. Using a RAW264. 7 cell culture system and assays for NF‐κB nuclear translocation …

Coupled bone turnover is directed by the expression of receptor-activated NF-κB ligand
(RANKL) and its decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG). Proinflammatory cytokines, such as …

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced signals play critical roles in
osteoclast differentiation and function. SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 MAPK, blocked …

Signaling through the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) is required for both
osteoclast differentiation and mammary gland development, yet the extent to which RANK …