Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that differentiate from hematopoietic cells and possess
characteristics responsible for bone resorption. To study the involvement of mitogen …

The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) induces osteoclast differentiation from bone
marrow cells in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor. We found that …

Morphological changes of osteoclasts by a MEK1 inhibitor, PD98059, were investigated to
clarify a role of ERK. PD98059 promoted apoptosis of osteoclasts and the loss of ruffled …

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)
have been implicated in diverse cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, and …

Different stimuli often activate the same intracellular signaling molecules but trigger distinct
cell responses. We explored whether or not MAPK signaling induced by macrophage colony …

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced signals play critical roles in
osteoclast differentiation and function. SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 MAPK, blocked …

We have examined highly purified osteoclasts that were generated in vitro from murine co‐
culture of marrow precursors with stromal support cells and have found evidence of …

Calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase (CaMK) is a major down stream mediator of
Ca2+ signaling in a wide range of cellular functions, including ion channel and cell cycle …

p38 MAPK is a conserved subfamily of MAPKs involved in inflammatory response, stress
response, cell growth and survival, as well as differentiation of a variety of cell types. In this …

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces osteoclast differentiation from bone marrow cells in the
presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Treatment of bone marrow cells with …