Development of new drug candidates and novel delivery techniques for treatment of ocular
diseases has recently accelerated. Treatment of anterior-segment diseases has witnessed …

Ocular drug delivery remains the focus of much modern research. Primary routes of
administration include the surface, the intravitreal space, the subretinal space, and the …

Eye drops have long been the primary ocular drug delivery dosage form used to treat ocular
disorders ranging from superficial conditions to intravitreal diseases. The ocular anatomical …

The ocular delivery of drugs encounters several limitations because of the dynamic and
static barriers of the human's eye anatomy and physiology. The poor bioavailability of drugs …

The eye is a directly accessible sensitive organ, impairment of which causes direct effect on
the quality of life. Efficient ocular drug delivery remains a major challenge for the …

Ophthalmic drugs are delivered to ocular tissues predominantly via relatively simple
formulations, such as topically dosed water-soluble drug solutions and water-insoluble drug …

Within the last few decades, in response to the advent of potent and versatile therapeutic
agents, the diversity of conventional ophthalmic formulations has gradually evolved …

Ocular drug delivery is challenging due to the presence of anatomical and physiological
barriers. These barriers can affect drug entry into the eye following multiple routes of …

Existing ocular drug delivery systems are fairly primitive and inefficient, but the stage is set
for the rational design of newer and significantly improved systems. The focus of this review …

In the development of a commercial drug product, the formulator must consider various
perspectives. The bioavailability of the active drug substance is often the major hurdle to …