The pathological correlates of dementia due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection are glial cell activation and cytokine dysregulation. These findings occur in the …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may cause a dementing illness. HIV-
mediated dementia is clinically and pathologically correlated with the infiltration of activated …

The broad range of histological lesions associated with HIV-1 are somewhat subtle relative
to the clinical manifestations that occur as a result of HIV infection. Although it is clear that …

To determine the role of the Tat protein of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 associated dementia, recombinant Tat was injected …

Activated monocytes release a number of substances, including inflammatory cytokines and
eicosanoids, that are highly toxic to cells of the central nervous system. Because monocytic …

Neuropathologically, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a range of
inflammatory disorders, extensive cortical neuronal loss, and dendritic and synaptic …

Microglia are activated in humans following infection with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV), and brain inflammation is thought to be involved in neuronal injury and dysfunction …

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-Tat protein has been implicated in the
neuropathogenesis of HIV infection. However, its role in modulating astroglial-neuronal …

Impaired inflammatory functions may be critical factors in the mechanisms by which HIV-1
enters the CNS. Evidence indicates that a viral gene product, the protein Tat, can markedly …

HIV-1 protein Tat is neurotoxic and increases macrophage and microglia production of TNF-
α, a cytopathic cytokine linked to the neuropathogenesis of HIV dementia. Others have …