The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is part of the cholinergic arm of the reticular activating
system, which is mostly active during waking and rapid-eye movement sleep. The PPN …

Although there is much evidence that single microinjections of cholinomimetics into the
pontine reticular formation (PRF) evokes rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), no study has …

CHOLINERGIC regulation of sleep and wakefulness was studied in freely moving rats
locally infused with various doses of carbachol into the pontine reticular formation. Induction …

The serotonergic dorsal raphe nucleus is considered an important modulator of state‐
dependent neural activity via projections to cholinergic neurons of the pedunculopontine …

Initial theories of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep generation posited that induction of the
state required activation of the pontine subceruleus (SubC) by cholinergic inputs. Although …

In cats, rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) can be induced rapidly and reliably by injections
of the cholinergic agonist carbachol into the anterodorsal pontine tegmentum, also …

Although it has long been known that microinjection of the cholinergic agonist carbachol into
the medial pontine reticular formation (mPRF) induces a state that resembles rapid eye …

Now that the pharmacology and neuronal connectivity underlying REM sleep is beginning to
be understood, it is important to begin investigations that elucidate the transcriptional …

Pontine parabrachial neurons have been suggested to play a regulatory role in both
respiratory and sleep cycle control. Encouraged by the finding that microinjections of the …

Pharmacological, lesion and single-unit recording techniques in several animal species
have identified a region of the pontine reticular formation (subcoeruleus, SubC) just ventral …