The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is involved in the activated states of waking and
paradoxical sleep, forming part of the reticular activating system (RAS). The studies …

The posterior lateral hypothalamus (PLH) has long been considered crucial to normal
wakefulness while the ventral part of the oral pontine reticular nucleus (vRPO) is involved in …

Two peptides known for their hypnogenic properties, CLIP (corticotropin-like intermediate
lobe peptide or ACTH 18–39) or VIP (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide), were injected …

A number of experimental and theoretical reports have suggested that the ponto‐geniculo‐
occipital (PGO) wave‐generating cells are involved in the generation of rapid eye movement …

The neuronal network responsible for paradoxical sleep (PS) onset and maintenance has
not previously been identified in the rat, unlike the cat. To fill this gap, this study has …

1. In chronically prepared, freely moving rats, electrical stimulation was applied to the
perforant pathway and monosynaptic responses were recorded extracellularly in the …

Responses of sleep-related neurons in the preoptic area (POA) to stimulation of the locus
coeruleus (LC) and the ventrolateral medulla (VLM), components of the reticular activating …

The spontaneous discharge of 86 preoptic area (OA) neurons was recorded extracellularly
in chronically prepared cats during wakefulness (W), slow-wave sleep (SWS), and REM …

The cholinergic agonist carbachol (1.1 mM) and the adenosinergic agonist
cyclohexyladenosine (0.1 mM) were microinjected (60nl) into the region of the caudal, oral …

Locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic neurons are active during wakefulness, slow their
discharge rate during slow wave sleep, and stop firing during paradoxical sleep (PS). A …