Concomitant immunity (CI) against macroparasites describes a state of effective anti–larval
immunity coupled with persistent adult infection. Experimental studies indicate that …

The outcomes of host‐parasite interactions depend on the coevolutionary forces acting upon
them, but because every host‐parasite relation is enmeshed in a web of biotic and abiotic …

Many of the genes responsible for the virulence of bacterial pathogens are carried by mobile
genetic elements that can be transferred horizontally between different bacterial lineages …

The evolution of optimal functioning and maintenance of the immune system is thought to be
driven by the costs arising from the allocation of resources to immune functions rather than …

The availability of iron plays a critical role in host-parasite relations. Microbial pathogens
cannot replicate without acquiring iron from their vertebrate hosts, and several strategies of …

Competition between parasite species or strains within hosts is a major evolutionary force in
infections. In response, parasites exhibit a diverse array of strategies that improve their …

The ability to manipulate host behaviour is among the most fascinating and best-studied
adaptations of parasites. In this opinion article, we highlight trends and biases in the study of …

There is a large body of theoretical studies that investigate factors that affect the evolution of
virulence, that is parasite‐induced host mortality. In these studies the host population is …

Coinfection of a host by multiple parasite species is commonly observed and recent
epidemiological work indicates that coinfection can enhance parasite transmission. This …

Background Infection processes consist of a sequence of steps, each critical for the
interaction between host and parasite. Studies of host-parasite interactions rarely take into …