Tolerance to parasites reduces the harm that infection causes the host (virulence). Here we
investigate the evolution of parasites in response to host tolerance. We show that parasites …

Recently, Frey et al.(1992) suggested that parasi-tologists deposit specimens of hosts from
which type specimens of new parasite species are collected. Their proposal was directed …

A paradigm for the evolution of cooperation between parasites and their hosts argues that
the mode of parasite transmission is critical to the long‐term maintenance of cooperation …

Several evolutionary processes influence virulence, the amount of damage a parasite
causes to its host. For example, parasites are favored to exploit their hosts prudently to …

In order for mutualism to evolve, some force must align the interests of the two interacting
partners. Vertical transmission can fill this role, but it is still unknown whether mutualism can …

Evolutionary relationships in heterospecific associations (parasitoidism, parasitism,
commensalism and mutualism) are analysed through a game theory model defined in terms …

Recent studies suggest that parasites (interpreted broadly to include viruses, bacteria,
protozoans and helminths) may influence the numerical magnitude or geographical …

The costs and benefits of parasite virulence are analysed in an evolutionarily stable strategy
(ESS) model. Increased host mortality caused by disease (virulence) reduces a parasite's …

Dieter Ebert and William D. Hamilton arasites-here broadly de fined as damage-producing
organisms, including mi-I crobial pathogens, traditional parasites and small herbivoresare …

Parasites often jump to and become established in a new host species. There is much
evidence that the probability of such host shifts decreases with increasing phylogenetic …