Analyses of the selection pressures acting on parasite virulence are made more complicated
when individual hosts can simultaneously harbour many different strains or genotypes of a …

Earlier ideas that parasites evolve toward becoming harmless to their hosts have, in recent
years, given way to more analytic studies, focused on the 'basic reproductive rate', R o, of …

Classical models of virulence evolution conclude that the increased competition favoured by
multiple infection will select for increasing consumption and deterioration of the host …

There is a large body of theoretical studies that investigate factors that affect the evolution of
virulence, that is parasite‐induced host mortality. In these studies the host population is …

Abstract.—We present a general epidemiological model of host‐parasite interactions that
includes various forms of superinfection. We use this model to study the effects of different …

Interactions involving several parasite species (multi-parasitized hosts) or several host
species (multi-host parasites) are the rule in nature. Only a few studies have investigated …

Models of the evolution of parasite virulence have focused on computing the evolutionarily
stable level of virulence favored by tradeoffs within a host and by competition for hosts, and …

The evolution of parasite virulence can be influenced by intra-host mutation of the parasite
and competition among different parasite mutants in the same host. During the course of an …

According to conventional wisdom, parasites and pathogens should evolve reduced
virulence to their hosts, because more virulent parasites and pathogens are more likely to …

Why do parasites harm their hosts? Intuition suggests that parasites should evolve to be
benign whenever the host is needed for transmission. Yet a growing theoretical literature …