Units of dendritic branches called dendritic spines represent more than simply decorative
appendages of the neuron and actively participate in integrative functions of “spinous” nerve …

We recently developed a rat model of incubation of methamphetamine craving after choice-
based voluntary abstinence. Here, we studied the role of dorsolateral striatum (DLS) and …

A continuing challenge for studies in the neurobiology of drug abuse is to identify and
characterize long-lived neuroadaptations that can trigger craving and relapse. We …

In addiction, an individual's ability to inhibit drug seeking and drug taking is thought to reflect
a pathological strengthening of drug-seeking behaviors or impairments in the capacity to …

Recent studies in rodents have shown that withdrawal from chronic drug abuse is
associated with a significant decrease in dopamine (DA) release in mesolimbic structures …

Addictive substances like morphine and psychostimulants induce a preferential increase in
dopamine (DA) output in the nucIeus accumbens (NAC), a major terminaI field of the …

This study has examined the relationship between the effects of opioids on the
internalization of mu opioid receptors (MORs) and the morphology of dendritic spines …

Morphine stimulates the internalization of μ-opioid receptors (MORs) in transfected cell
models to a lesser degree than opioid peptides and other analgesic drugs, such as …

Evidence has been accumulating to indicate that the spinal cord plays an important role in
the expression of several narcotic abstinence signs in the intact animal. One characteristic …

Glutamate receptors of the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) subtype in the caudate‐putamen
nucleus (CPN) have been implicated in the adverse motor effects produced by chronic …