Rel/NF-κB transcription factors are primarily regulated by association with inhibitor IκB
proteins. Thus, in most cells NF-κB exists in the cytoplasm in an inactive complex bound to …

The NF-κB family of transcription factors plays a crucial role in the immune, inflammatory and
apoptotic responses. These proteins are normally found in the cytoplasm, retained by …

Activation of the transcription factor NF-κB is controlled by the sequential phosphorylation,
ubiquitination, and degradation of its inhibitory subunit, IκB. We recently purified a large …

A critical step in the activation of NF-κB is the phosphorylation of IκBs by the IκB kinase (IKK)
complex. IKKα and IKKβ are the two catalytic subunits of the IKK complex and two additional …

Abstract The Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) family of transcription factors regulates the
expression of a wide range of genes critical for immune and inflammatory responses, cell …

Transcription factors of the NF-κB family regulate hundreds of genes in the context of
multiple important physiological and pathological processes. NF-κB activation depends on …

Recent investigations have elucidated the cytokine-induced NF-κB activation pathway. IκB
kinase (IKK) phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-κB (IκBs). The phosphorylation targets them for …

NF-κB is activated by various stimuli including inflammatory cytokines and stresses. A key
step in the activation of NF-κB is the phosphorylation of its inhibitors, IκBs, by an IκB kinase …

The regulation of the transcription factor NF-κB activity occurs at several levels including
controlled cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling and modulation of its transcriptional activity. A …

The IKK kinase complex is the core element of the NF-κB cascade. It is essentially made of
two kinases (IKKα and IKKβ) and a regulatory subunit, NEMO/IKKγ. Additional components …