Neural tube defects (NTDs) are multifactorial in their etiology, having both genetic and
environmental factors contributing to their development. Recent evidence demonstrates that …

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are among the commonest human birth defects, affecting around
1 per 1,000 births [Copp et al., 2003]. A genetic basis for NTDs is implicated based on the …

Populations of Mexican descent have high occurrences of neural tube defects (NTDs). A
recent study suggested that folic acid supplements may not protect these populations from …

The epidemiological investigation of the common open neural tube defects (NTDs),
anencephaly, and spina bifida, has a long history. The most significant finding from these …

Neural tube defects (NTDs) occur secondary to failed closure of the neural tube between the
third and fourth weeks of gestation. The worldwide incidence ranges from 0.3 to 200 per …

PURPOSE: To investigate whether dietary folate or multivitamin folic acid taken 3 months
before conception and during the first 3 months of pregnancy reduces the risk of isolated …

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common, serious malformations with a complex etiology that
suggests involvement of both genetic and environmental factors. The authors evaluated …

It now recognized that the use of folate fortification and/or supplementation before initiation
of pregnancy can impact the risk of the fetus developing a neural tube defect. This document …

Background. Studies have shown that folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy
markedly reduces the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). Investigation of the relation …

Using data from a recent case-control study, a woman's risk of having a child with a neural
tube defect (NTD) was found to be associated with early pregnancy red cell folate levels in a …