Heavy metal ions such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ are essential
micronutrients for plant metabolism but when present in excess, these, and non-essential …

Transition metals such as Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn are essential minerals for normal plant growth
and development, although they can be toxic when present in excess. Thus, for healthy plant …

Heavy metal toxicity is one of the major concerns for agriculture and health. Accumulation of
toxic heavy metals at high concentrations in edible parts of crop plants is the primary cause …

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is highly toxic for plants, animals, and human beings. A
better understanding of the mechanisms involved in Cd accumulation in plants is beneficial …

Transition metal transporters are of central importance in the plant metal homeostasis
network which maintains internal metal concentrations within physiological limits. An …

Each essential transition metal plays a specific role in metabolic processes and has to be
selectively transported. Living organisms need to discriminate between essential and non …

Plants take up metals, including the essential micronutrients [iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc
(Zn), and manganese (Mn)] and the toxic heavy metal cadmium (Cd), from soil and …

Cadmium (Cd) is present in many soils and, when entering the food chain, represents a
major health threat to humans. Reducing Cd accumulation in plants is complicated by the …

Compared to other organisms, plants have expanded families of transporters that are
involved in the uptake and efflux of metals. Fortunately, in many cases, the examination of …

Transition metals such as copper are essential for many physiological processes yet can be
toxic at elevated levels. Other metals (eg lead) are nonessential and potentially highly toxic …