Abstract Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) algorithm is an effective new metaheuristic
search algorithm, which has recently recorded wider application in solving complex …

The “firefly algorithm”(FA) is a nature-inspired technique originally designed for solving
continuous optimization problems. There are several existing approaches that apply FA also …

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) which is a theoretical computer science and
operations research problem, has several applications even in its purest formulation, such …

In this paper, we present an improved and discrete version of the Cuckoo Search (CS)
algorithm to solve the famous traveling salesman problem (TSP), an NP-hard combinatorial …

Abstract A Discrete Symbiotic Organisms Search (DSOS) algorithm for finding a near optimal
solution for the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is proposed. The SOS is a metaheuristic …

The travelling salesman problem with time windows is a difficult optimization problem that
arises, for example, in logistics. This paper deals with the minimization of the travel-cost. For …

Traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the well-known NP-hard problems in
combinatorial optimization. The optimal solution of large-scale TSP is difficult to find with …

Bat algorithm (BA) is a new nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithm based on
the echolocation behavior of bats to find their prey and to avoid obstacles in the darkness …

The probabilistic traveling salesman problem is a variation of the classic traveling salesman
problem and one of the most significant stochastic routing problems. In this paper, a new …

The multiagent optimization system (MAOS) is a nature-inspired method, which supports
cooperative search by the self-organization of a group of compact agents situated in an …