For the analysis of efficacy data we test null-hypotheses. The t-test (Chaps. 6 and 7) is
appropriate for two parallel-groups or two paired samples. Analysis of variance …

The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney rank sum test (U test) is often used in the nonparametric
analysis of controlled clinical trials. We suggest a test that is uniformly more powerful than …

Determining if a treatment" works" requires proper research design and statistical analysis.
The randomized clinical trial (RCT) is the preferred research design to determine the efficacy …

In this article, we suppose that an investigator has conducted a comparative study between
two groups of patients who have a certain disease, for the purpose of determining whether …

Results favoring one treatment over another in a randomized clinical trial can be explained
only if the favored treatment really is superior or the apparent advantage enjoyed by the …

A generalization of Wilcoxon's signed rank test is proposed for testing a dose-response
relationship with one or more outcomes. The test is useful in matched observational studies …

The Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney (WMW) test is the most commonly used nonparametric
method to compare two treatments when the underlying distribution of the outcome variable …

Much of medical research involves large‐scale randomized controlled trials designed to
detect small differences in outcome between the study groups. This approach is believed to …

Purpose. A brief overview is given of the types of statistical tests that are available to analyze
pharmacy research data. Summary. The most important aspect of selecting the correct …

Two-treatment multi-center clinical trials are the most common type of clinical trials in
practice. The aim of this paper is to discuss a curious property of certain standard …