One important discovery in plant pathology over recent decades is the natural antiviral
defense mechanism mediated by RNA interference (RNAi). In antiviral RNAi, virus infection …

Helper component-protease (HC-Pro) is a plant viral suppressor of RNA silencing, and
transgenic tobacco expressing HC-Pro has increased susceptibility to a broad range of viral …

In plants, RNA silencing (RNA interference) is an efficient antiviral system, and therefore
successful virus infection requires suppression of silencing. Although many viral silencing …

In the early 1990s, attempts to manipulate gene expression by researchers working in three
different fields resulted in unanticipated gene silencing. Rather than ignoring such results …

Temperature dramatically affects plant–virus interactions. Outbreaks of virus diseases are
frequently associated with low temperature, while at high temperature viral symptoms are …

Gene silencing guided by small RNAs governs a broad range of cellular processes in
eukaryotes. Small RNAs are important components of plant immunity because they …

Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants is an RNA-degradation mechanism that
shows similarities to RNA interference (RNAi) in animals. Indeed, both involve double …

The frontline of plant defense against non-viral pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and
oomycetes is provided by transmembrane pattern recognition receptors that detect …

Adaptive antiviral immunity in plants is an RNA-based mechanism in which small RNAs
derived from both strands of the viral RNA are guides for an Argonaute (AGO) nuclease. The …

In transgenic and nontransgenic plants, viruses are both initiators and targets of a defense
mechanism that is similar to posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS). Recently, it was …