B cells are essential for the development and pathogenesis of both systemic and organ-
specific autoimmune diseases. Autoreactive B cells are typically thought of as sources of …

Autoreactive B cells are key drivers of pathogenic processes in autoimmune diseases by the
production of autoantibodies, secretion of cytokines, and presentation of autoantigens to T …

B cells play a variety of immunoregulatory roles through their antigen-presentation ability
and through cytokine and chemokine production. Innate immune activation of B cells may …

Recent work has provided new insights into how altered B cell-intrinsic signals—through the
B cell receptor (BCR) and key co-receptors—function together to promote the pathogenesis …

The pathogenic roles of B cells in human autoimmune diseases involve a multitude of
mechanistic pathways and include the well-established contributions of autoantibodies and …

The pathogenic roles of B cells in autoimmune diseases occur through several mechanistic
pathways that include autoantibodies, immune complexes, dendritic and T cell activation …

In this Review we focus on the initiation of autoantibody production and autoantibody
pathogenicity, with a special emphasis on the targeted antigens. Release of intracellular …

Having evolved to generate a huge Ag-specific repertoire and to mount T cell-dependent
responses and long-term memory, the B lymphocyte is a central player in the adaptive …

Highlights•Pathogenic autoantibodies can be derived from short-lived or long-lived plasma
cells.•Therapeutic B cell depletion is a common treatment approach in humoral …

Autoimmunity results from abnormal B‐and T‐cell recognition of self‐antigens, which leads
to autoantibody production in many cases. Autoantibodies produced by B‐cell‐derived …