Background Adverse effects of air pollution on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality are
well established. There are comparatively fewer studies in Europe, and in the UK …

Background: Air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular mortality, but it remains
unclear as to whether specific pollutants are related to specific cardiovascular causes of …

Objective To inform potential pathophysiological mechanisms of air pollution effects on
cardiovascular disease (CVD), we investigated short-term associations between ambient air …

Background and aims Long-term exposure to air pollution increases cardiopulmonary
morbidity and mortality, but it is not clear which components of air pollution are the most …

Background Air pollution is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, but its
role in the development of congestive heart failure (CHF) and the role of different pollution …

Context: Short-term fluctuations in air pollution have been associated with changes in both
overall and cardiovascular mortality. Objective: To consider the effects of air pollution on …

Introduction Long-term air pollution exposure contributes to mortality but there are few
studies examining effects of very long-term (> 25 years) exposures. Methods This study …

Background Studies have shown that long‐term exposure to air pollution such as fine
particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter [PM 2.5]) increases the risk of all …

Air pollution is well recognized as a major risk factor for chronic non-communicable
diseases and has been estimated to contribute more to global morbidity and mortality than …

Objectives To investigate associations between long-term exposure to PM 2.5, NO 2,
mortality and morbidity in New Zealand, a country with low levels of exposure. Design …