A cell-penetrating peptide blocks Toll-like receptor-mediated downstream signaling and ameliorates autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in mice
Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 2019•nature.com
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen/damage-associated molecular patterns and
initiate inflammatory signaling cascades. Occasionally, overexpression of TLRs leads to the
onset of numerous inflammatory diseases, necessitating the development of selective
inhibitors to allow a protective yet balanced immune response. Here, we demonstrate that a
novel peptide (TIP1) derived from Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing
adapter protein inhibited multiple TLR signaling pathways (MyD88-dependent and MyD88 …
initiate inflammatory signaling cascades. Occasionally, overexpression of TLRs leads to the
onset of numerous inflammatory diseases, necessitating the development of selective
inhibitors to allow a protective yet balanced immune response. Here, we demonstrate that a
novel peptide (TIP1) derived from Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing
adapter protein inhibited multiple TLR signaling pathways (MyD88-dependent and MyD88 …
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen/damage-associated molecular patterns and initiate inflammatory signaling cascades. Occasionally, overexpression of TLRs leads to the onset of numerous inflammatory diseases, necessitating the development of selective inhibitors to allow a protective yet balanced immune response. Here, we demonstrate that a novel peptide (TIP1) derived from Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter protein inhibited multiple TLR signaling pathways (MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent) in murine and human cell lines. TIP1 also inhibited NLRP3-mediated IL-1β secretion, as we validated at both the protein and mRNA levels. Biophysical experiments confirmed that TIP1 specifically binds to the BB loop of the TLR4-TIR domain. Animal studies revealed that TIP1 inhibited the secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced proinflammatory cytokines in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and kaolin/carrageenan-induced arthritis (K/C) rodent models. TIP1 also rescued animals from sepsis and from LPS-induced kidney/liver damage. Importantly, TIP1 ameliorated the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in CIA and K/C rodent models, suggesting that TIP1 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of TLR-mediated autoimmune/inflammatory diseases.
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