… including the second plague pandemic (Europe, mid-14 th century Black Death until the
mid-… Here we present reconstructed Y. pestis genomes from plague victims of the Black Death …

… , palaeomicrobiology researches on victims of the Black Death, and Justinian’s plague verified
that … procedure, five out of the seven draft genomes have a coverage that is less than one. …

… heterozygous positions for the Aschheim Justinianic genome and the genomes from the
second pandemic, respectively. The Black Death genome 8124 was excluded from this analysis …

… Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, has been prevalent among humans for at …
in history, including the Black Death. Analyses of the genetic diversity of ancient strains of …

The first historically documented pandemic caused by Yersinia pestis began as the Justinianic
Plague in 541 within the Roman Empire and continued as the so-called First Pandemic …

… In this regard, the 1346-1353 Yersinia pestis-caused Black Death pandemic, with continued
plague outbreaks spanning several hundred years, is one of the most devastating recorded …

… The darker orange delimits the region in which we believe secondary plague reservoirs
were established before the Black Death. The red dots represent the locations of all known …

… pestis foci sampled to date, and has its ancestry in strains obtained from victims of the
14th century Black Death. These data suggest the existence of a previously uncharacterized …

… span between the end of the Black Death and the emergence of the pestis secunda to a three-…
, similar to other post-Black Death outbreaks, as having originated from a local source of Y. …

… The darker orange delimits the region in which we believe secondary plague reservoirs
were established before the Black Death. The red dots represent the locations of all known …