… Active and passive smoking also causes increased risk of miscarriage during pregnancy, …
and any effect these STIs have on fertility and pregnancy outcome (Richardson, Franco, Pintos, …

… In countries such as the United States, Denmark and Sweden, the prevalence of smoking
in … Maternal tobacco use and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoking during the prenatal …

… Our study was limited to pregnancy planners. If unplanned … , exclusion of unplanned
pregnancies could have introduced … and fecundability would differ among pregnancy planners and …

… should be considered when planning fertility studies. The … as follows: pregnancies obtained
through fertility treatment; … In the present study, however, the effect of smoking on fertility …

… confounders that changed the multivariable fecundability ratio (FR) … multiethnic Asian women
planning a pregnancy. Reduced … In contrast, a Danish population-based prospective cohort …

… Competing interests: I have read the journal's policy and the … has been associated with
reduced semen quality and fertility … were exposed to passive smoking during pregnancy [40]. In …

… The tobacco and nicotine found in cigarettes is also known to reduce fertility and cause … Our
study aimed to determine the active and passive smoking rates of pregnant women in Turkey …

… nor obvious passive smoking) and currently active smokers, … in Denmark [15]. In this study,
the authors concluded that … on pregnancy rates is actively conveyed during fertility care, …

… undergoing ART are planning pregnancy, these studies … pregnancy that are inherent in
studies relating smoking, alcohol, and caffeine to fertility in spontaneously conceived pregnancies…

… Methods Information on smoking, lifetime fertility status, and age at natural menopause was
… In light of the limitations in the existing literature on active and passive smoke exposure with …