… for a framework to effectively manage pest resistance to current and future transgenic crops.
… can delay pest resistance to transgenic crops. In practical terms, transgenic crops are most …

… immaterial for pest resistance management how the transgenes were stacked/pyramided. …
herbicide resistances into transgenic crops may or may not delay the evolution of herbicide …

… One strategy to delay the evolution of insect resistance to Bt toxins is the use of refuges. …
-Bt crops in order to promote the survival of susceptible insects that will outnumber the resistant …

… to delay insect pest resistance to Bt crops (112). The refuges are generally structured, ie, the
farmers are mandated to plant a … pests adjacent to the Bt-expressing IRGE crop (37, 58). The …

… and Bt crops must be integrated with other pest management … delaying the evolution of pest
resistance to transgenic crops … (Bt) entails refuges of plants that do not produce Bt toxins and …

… delayed resistance relative to using Bt cotton alone. … of transgenic plant pyramids combining
a Bt toxin and RNAi against Bt-resistant and susceptible strains of a target insect pest. The …

… of field-evolved insect resistance to Bt crops. We classify 73 published cases of resistance …
, review the evolutionary principles underlying resistance management, dispel some common …

… of insect-resistant genetically modified (IRGM) crops nowadays; however, no literature has
reviewed the behavioral effects of IRGM crops … strategy in delaying the evolution of resistance. …

… pave the way for development of insect resistant crops by delaying the phenonmenon of …
However, before the commercialization of an insect pest resistant transgenic crop variety, it is …

… understand and implement Insect Resistance Management (… deployment of insect resistance
genes in transgenic crops can … to delay the development of insect resistance to pest control …