Previous studies on the effect of sesame products consumption on body weight and composition have led to inconsistent results. Relevant databases were searched up to April 2018 to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. Data on body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percent, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and body adiposity index (BAI) were extracted. Ten studies were included in the systematic review. Sesame products consumption did not significantly affect body weight and BMI (P > 0.05). Only sesame oil significantly decreased the body weight and BMI (P < 0.05). The body fat percent and the BAI were significantly reduced after sesame consumption (P < 0.05). Sesame consumption did not affect other body composition indices (P > 0.05). The present study provided some evidence regarding the beneficial effects of sesame on body adiposity indices. Further studies are still required to confirm our results. Registration code: CRD42017054149.