… Animal studies have challenged the general idea that dopamine (DA) is … Human studies
have identified brain areas and transmitter systems involved in effort-based decision making and …

… dopamine (DA) and related brain systems in effort-based … Studies of the pharmacology of
effort-based choice may … apparent that tests of effort-based decision making can be employed …

… human participants (females, 16; males, 6) exhibit loss aversion during effort-based
decision-making … the main decision-making task (see the Effort-based decision-making task …

… If replicated, this pattern might suggest that changes in the mesolimbic DA system with age
have differential impact on effort-based decision making. However, it should be noted that …

… , our data point to a domain-general role of dopamine but a … of dopaminergic and cholinergic
modulation on effort-based … in the context of effort-based decision making, and to ensure …

… This work will review recent research on the pharmacology of effort-based decision making,
with the main focus being on animal research, and will describe how this line of research …

… Part of the reason is that, to date, experiments that directly investigated effort-based decision
making and dopamine have not always measured the separable influences of effort and …

… of dopamine in effort-based decision-making before action initiation, there is sparse human
… Here, it remains unclear if dopamine influences a dynamic arbitration between the benefit of …

… We hypothesized that disrupted effort-based decision-making underlies the syndrome of …
may be modulated by the dopaminergic system. An effort-based decision-making task was …

… individual differences in the computations associated with effort-based decision making. …
To account for potential dopamine antagonism effects on motivation, antipsychotic dosages …