… Oxidative stress due to purine degradation is associated with the development of chronic
heart failure (CHF). Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a rate-limiting enzyme of purine …

… Impact of the co-morbidity of hyperuricaemia with high xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)
activity on clinical outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. (A) Kaplan–Meier …

… In heart failure, XOR activity is upregulated as a consequence of its increased expression
induced by inflammatory cytokines, as well as of the augmented substrate supply, due to …

… Xanthine oxidoreductase is expressed primarily in the liver and intestine, as well as in other
… XOR activity is enhanced by various stimuli, including inflammatory cytokines (ie interferon-γ…

… the increased activity of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) with corresponding increased …
the recent evidence on XO as a novel and promising therapeutic target in heart failure. …

… to xanthine oxidase, a form that produces cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) [7,8].
Experimental studies using animal heart failure … We examined whether increased expression of …

… patients with congestive heart failure who had high plasma XOR activity had significantly
lower LVEF, and that those with low, or high XOR activity had increased cardiovascular events …

… Reduced exercise capacity is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with
heart failure (HF). Exercise intolerance is partly attributed to skeletal muscle abnormalities, …

… A highly sensitive assay of human plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity using stable …
Increased plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity deteriorates coronary artery spasm. Heart …

… cardiovascular events, heart failure, and renal dysfunction (2, 20, 58). In animal models,
inhibition of XOR activity by allopurinol, febuxostat, or topiroxostat improved cardiovascular and …