… , heart, brain and kidney [2]. ROS are generated by a variety of sources, including xanthine
oxidoreductase (XOR), NADPH oxidase (… The XOR −/− mice were dead of renal failure within …

… We studied patients with chronic heart failure and found that the effect of allopurinol on
endothelial vascular function was due to xanthine oxidase inhibition and not urate lowering (…

… the cardiac tissue UA level might increase in the failing heart … that cardiac tissue XDH activity
was significantly increased in … significantly reduced cardiac XDH activity (Supplementary Fig…

… In the human body, xanthine oxidoreductases (XORs) are critical enzymes for uric acid
production, which includes xanthine oxidase (XO) and xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). Therefore…

… The present review explores the role of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) in the development
and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Human XOR is a multi-level regulated …

… with cardiac failure … via enhanced XOR activity, which may increase MMP activity, we
hypothesized that omeprazole promotes aortic vascular remodeling by increasing XOR activity and …

… The direct correlation reported for heart failure severity and level of serum uric acid may
be justified by the increased activity of XOR as a result of increased substrate supply in …

… of stroke, heart failure and all-cause mortality. Abnormal Ca 2+ handling in diabetes mellitus
(DM) can cause delayed depolarization involved with increased NCX activity. Complicated …

… , XOR activity in tissue and/or plasma is associated with the incidence of heart failure, … In
animal models, inhibition of XOR activity by allopurinol, febuxostat or topiroxostat improved …

… XOR inhibitors like allopurinol fail to inhibit Xanthine oxidoreductase NADH oxidase action
[16]. … Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, which improves cardiac function in failing hearts. In …