Seawater electrolysis driven by renewable energy (such as wind, solar and tidal energy) offers a promising route to produce high energy density hydrogen (H2), which is a potentially attractive technology in the framework of carbon-neutral energy production. In contrast to the limited freshwater resource, seawater is an abundant resource that has receiving growing attention for electrolysis as it significantly alleviates the demands for growing increasing freshwater use. Nevertheless, seawater electrolysis has so far suffered from low selectivity and poor stability issues for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to chloride-induced competitive oxidation reactions and corrosion, which seriously affects the H2 production efficiency by seawater electrolysis and hinders the practical application of this technology. Herein, this review comprehensive overviews the recent progress for OER in seawater electrolysis, with an emphasis on the current effective strategies for achieving highly OER selectivity and stability by rational design of electrocatalysts, electrolytes and electrolyzers. Specifically, we first classify design strategies to improve OER selectivity in seawater electrolysis, including alkaline design criterion, designing selective OER active sites, decorating Cl- blocking layer, constructing 3D hierarchical structure and engineering surface wettability. Moreover, the stability of OER can be improved significantly through some effective strategies, such as establishing surface protective layer, in situ generating anti-corrosion species, constructing structural buffer engineering, adding additives into electrolyte, and designing electrolyzer. Finally, remaining challenges and future perspectives for the further development of seawater electrolysis systems are also proposed.