Substance abuse disorder is a chronically relapsing disease that is characterized in part by
compulsion to seek and take drug in the presence of adverse consequences and in
inappropriate situations. Compulsivity develops progressively, and is hypothesized to derive
from dysfunction in motivational and reward processing. Preclinical models have been
developed that recapitulate endophenotypes of compulsive drug behaviors to study the
pathophysiology and etiology of compulsivity. These models have been used to identify …