… unrelated factors, which have similar bias structures as the main … least one visit) or non-participation.
We included visits involving … We repeated the unadjusted and the two adjusted Cox-…

… The results showed that, after adjusting the analysis for age and gender, the sleep quality
of … Association between quality of sleep and chronic periodontitis: A case-control study in …

… with periodontitis after adjusting for age and sex. Previous … Hiraki et al., in a case control
study, used tooth loss as an … The common reasons for non-participation among the elderly were …

… The “adjusted” significance level for this analysis was equal to 0.050/6 = … case-control studies
and, if applicable, for exposed and unexposed groups in cohort and cross-sectional studies…

… T1DM had a higher adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 13.0 (95% CI = 11.1–15.2). (Sun et al …
or preferential treatment resulted for participation or nonparticipation in this study. All patients …

… The adjusted RR per site with deepened periodontal pocket was 1.02 (95% CI: 1.00–1.04)
(… whether this loss causes bias. Bias can result if the non-participation is distributed unevenly …

… This study aimed to determine whether periodontal disease … the SSS case-control status as
the outcome; all models were … Reasons for non-participation were not ascertained. Age was …

… of clinical, sociodemographic and periodontal aspects, and … This pilot case–control
study was approved by the Ethics … To adjust the multivariate model, the variables diabetes, …

… Reasons for non-participation are presented in the study flowchart (… could not be used as a
covariate in adjusted analysis. … and severity of COVID-19 infection: a case-control study. J Clin …

… , whereas studies with fewer than 5 stars are regarded to be at a high risk of bias (low-quality
studies… Although the majority of studies reported a satisfying calibration agreement between …