… ganglia – suggesting the PPN may influence or be influenced by higher order action selection…
no stimulation (Lim et al., 2009). Importantly, this study found that the increased REM sleep …

… Pedunculopontine nucleus region deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising but experimental
therapy for axial motor deficits in Parkinson's disease (… the increased REM sleep was a …

The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is situated in the upper pons in the dorsolateral
portion of the ponto-mesencephalic tegmentum. Its main mass is positioned at the trochlear …

… of REM sleep time and REM percentage when PPN-DBS was ON compared to when the
stimulation … Non-motor functions in parkinsonian patients implanted in the pedunculopontine …

… in movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). … rates during wakefulness and
REM sleep and the role of the … spinal cord where it might influence direct motor output. Thus, …

… stimulation (12 h of daytime stimulation) influences … REM sleep in the parkinsonian state;
these REM episodes were abolished with PPN-LFS (Table 1a). Although the overall REM sleep …

… Unfortunately, how PPN neuronal populations and their respective projections influence PD
… likely contributes to REM sleep atonia in PD patients. Congruent with PPN involvement in …

… to investigate pedunculopontine nucleus network dysfunctions … control and rapid eye
movement sleep behavior disorder (… processes is the SMA, which influences APA duration8 and is …

… innervate midline thalamic nuclei, mediate REM sleep, and … -sleep stages in patients
affected by the Parkinson disease and … , thus establishing a route to influence spinal cord motor …

… in a position to influence thalamo-cortical activity, sleep–wakefulness states, … nuclei in the
regulation of arousal and REM sleep. Large PPN lesions in cats severely reduce REM sleep …