One of the main groups of bioactive components in the food, healthcare and pharmaceutical industries is phenolic compounds, which should be protected by encapsulation technologies because of their low bioavailability, low solubility, untargeted release and undesirable taste. Nanoencapsulation involves entrapment of different bioactive components in small capsules, allowing them to be stable, protected and preserved against nutritional and health losses during the process or delivery as well as attaining a controlled release. In this review study, production and application of different nanocarriers for phenolic compounds have been considered and discussed, including lipid nanocarriers, biopolymer nanostructures, special equipment-based nanovehicles and nature-inspired nano-carriers.