… would: 1) reap enough returns to pay for their own development … understanding why so few
initially promising drugs fail to pass … of phase II trials makes it difficult to identify long-term side …

… in the long term we all … phase II trials to predict long-term survival benefits. Kola and Landis
(52) highlighted that 60% of regimens that had “promising” activity in single-arm phase II trials …

… trials, randomised phase II trials without a control group and randomised phase II trials of
surgery, radiotherapy, life style … II trials, our study showed that promising results from …

… We observe some heterogeneity in rates of return for … on promising approaches to estimating
long-term impacts, both … We provide lessons from our experience in conducting long-term …

… that the majority of randomized phase II trials in oncology are … but the main goal of
randomization in phase II is either to select … promising results with that therapy in phase I and/or II …

… Many phase II trials are now designed to assess the promise of a molecularly targeted or
an immuno-biological agent, given either alone or in combination with another regimen. In …

… drugs or warrant promising new drugs for future evaluation. … randomized phase II counterparts.
Therefore, single-arm … always require less time to complete and less resources invested [3]…

… We aim to adapt the Bayesian optimal phase II (BOP2) design to multi-arm trials for both …
Randomized phase II trials: a long-term investment with promising returns. Journal of the …

… Because of the small size of randomized phase II trials, it is … long-term follow-up results
emerging for the registration trials … To maximize the return on investment for phase III trials and …

… associated with long-term survival 19 . Furthermore, in a … in preclinical mouse models and
finally returned to the clinic in the … Below, we discuss promising approaches to achieve this. …