… stabilization by the trunk muscles (especially erector spinae) … damaging anterior shear forces
on intervertebral discs … in reducing the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint forces beyond …

… GAG synthesis rate would decrease significantly in both postures at … ), muscle forces, and
ligament forces in the lumbar spine … lumbar discs compressive forces, shear forces, and muscle …

… maximum shear stress on the annulus in L5-S1 disc. b. Total … Meanwhile, the weakness of
paraspinal muscle will result in lumbar … In this study, the maximum shear stress on the annulus …

… anterior and posterior disc was reduced by 1/5 (mild), 2/5 (moderate) or 3/5 (severe) with
respect to the disc height of the L4-L5 … Secondly, in the current model, muscles were not …

… muscles to aid in the ability to resist shear forces through the lumbar spine and, more specifically,
resist the anterior shear … with the exception of L5/S1. Limitations of this study reported …

… (IK), reduced residual algorithm (RRA), and computed muscle … , L4/L5, and L5/S1) and muscle
forces at two erector muscles … shear stress value was observed at the anterior region in the …

… of: sacrum and pelvis, 5 lumbar and 12 thoracic vertebrae, 10 … disc space and posterior
at 38–43% of the discs’ anterior–… the muscle strength loss based solely on the reduction of …

… The shear force was the highest at L5-S1 with a mean force … the decrease in the lumbar
lordosis in posture 3, shear forces … spinal muscles, the neural excitation pattern of muscle …

… the sensitivity of spinal loads at the L4–L5 and L5–S1 levels to … as muscle moment arms
markedly reduce muscle forces and … in shear forces at larger BWs and smaller BHs, Fig. 6). This …

… the spinal muscles, intervertebral discs and lumbar nerve on … ) on the force reduction due to
muscle relaxation reducing by … the nondestructive direct and shear forces experienced when …