… For validation, estimated muscle activities and L4-L5 IDPs … Additionally, to further reduce
regression equations, sex and … L5-S1 shear forces (N) computed from regression equations …

… of muscle centroid to disc centroid at all lumbar disc levels (… under axial/shear forces and
sagittal/lateral/axial moments (… individuals reduced extensor muscle forces and thus spinal …

… However, anterior shear forces appear to be reduced at L4/L5 and L5/S1 when lifting with
greater lumbar spine flexion (13, … lumbar erector spinae muscles to buttress the anterior shear …

… proteoglycan content decrease, when intervertebral discs are … 2) IVDD or disc herniation
may increase shear forces on the … discs at L4-L5 level might transfer the shear forces one level …

… Tracked lumbar vertebral (L2-S1) motion data were processed into … muscle forces compared
to a posteriorly located ICR. A recent modelling study demonstrated reductions in muscle …

… With light backpack carriage weight, the negative changes in both abdominal and back
muscles cause a slight reduction in compression but not shear forces. This may be due to the …

… L4-L5 joint compression and shear force-time histories were … load placement was associated
with reduced joint compression. … to all muscle force estimates, when more muscles were …

… requires good interaction between muscles, ligaments, and the … Figure 2 shows spinal
disc forces changes in relation to … even leads to a decrease in AP shear forces. From a …

… disc slips that have since stabilized. Activities requiring hyperextension and persistent lordosis
also cause shearing forces … improved strength of the paraspinal musculature may reduce …

… ankle reflexes-reduction sensation over his right lateral leg … The direct shearing force at
the lower lumbar area is also a … Paravertebral lumbar muscles play a potential role in lumbar …