Purpose Although cigarette smoking is a well established risk factor for urothelial cancer, its
role in urothelial cancer prognosis is still undetermined. In this meta-analysis we quantify the
role of lifetime smoking history in bladder cancer recurrence, progression and survival by
pooling available data on nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, muscle invasive bladder
cancer and upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Materials and Methods A total of 24 studies,
comprising data from 13,114 patients with bladder cancer and 2,259 patients with upper …