Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), activated by DNA strand breaks, participates in
the DNA repair process physiologically. Excessive activation of PARP-1 mediates necrotic …

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear protein activated by DNA damage.
PARP-1 activation is associated in DNA repair, cell death and inflammation. Since oxidative …

Autophagy is a dynamic process that maintains the normal homeostasis of cells by digesting
and degrading aging proteins and damaged organelles. The effect of autophagy on neural …

Sound can damage peripheral cochlear function through a number of mechanisms, and
emerging evidence suggests that inflammation may be one of them. Using …

The peroxisome is a ubiquitous organelle in rodent cells and plays important roles in a
variety of cell types and tissues. It is previously indicated that peroxisomes are associated …

We have previously demonstrated that oxidative stress increases in the inner ear of aging
CBA/J mice and might contribute to the loss of function of the sensory system. We now …

The most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss is damage of auditory hair cells.
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is closely associated with sensorineural hearing loss …

Cholesterol is a risk factor for age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, the effect of
cholesterol on the organ of Corti during the onset of ARHL is unclear. We established a …

Noise that is capable of inducing the hearing loss (NIHL) has a strong impact on the inner
ear structures and causes early and most obvious pathophysiological changes in the …

Cigarette smoking can contribute to the development of many human diseases such as
cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …