Since the time first synthetic macrocycles were observed as academic curiosities, great
advances have been made. Thanks to the development of controlled polymerization …

Cyclic polymers present a topology that differ significantly from their linear counterparts due
to their circular structure and therefore, the lack of chain ends. These simple characteristics …

Due to the topological effect, cyclic polymers demonstrate different and unique physical and
biological properties in comparison with linear counterparts having the same molecular …

Thousands of polymeric materials have been made into synthetic polymers, based on a
linear structure, and used in commercial applications. The study of synthetic polymeric …

Polymer topologies exert a significant effect on its properties, and polymer nanostructures
with advanced architectures, such as cyclic polymers, star‐shaped polymers, and …

Despite decades of studies devoted to the unique physical properties and potential
applications of cyclic polymer topologies, their exploration has remained limited because of …

Cyclic polymers have long been reported in the literature, but their development has often
been stunted by synthetic difficulties such as the presence of linear contaminants. Research …

The preparation of cyclic macromolecules has always represented a challenging task for
polymer science, mainly because of difficulties in connecting chain extremities together …

Unlike their more common linear counterparts, cyclic polymers have a ring-like structure and
a lack of chain ends. Because of their topology, cyclic polymers exhibit a unique set of …

Cyclic polymers are the simplest topological isomers of linear macromolecules, but exhibit
properties that differ from linear chains in ways that remain imperfectly understood. The …