Abstract Purpose of Review Global industrialization has increased population exposure to
environmental toxins. A global decline in sperm quality over the last few decades raises …

Idiopathic infertility is the most common individual diagnosis in male infertility, representing
nearly 44% of cases. Research studies dating over the last half-century consistently …

The escalating prevalence of male infertility and decreasing trend in sperm quality have
been correlated with rapid industrialisation and the associated discharge of an excess of …

This review comprehensively summarizes the effects of more than 15 mostly used pesticides
on male reproductive physiology, as recent experimental and epidemiological research …

A substantial body of evidence has accumulated in recent years that consistently indicate
various adverse effects of environmental contaminants on human health. Decreasing trend …

The discovery in the mid-1970s that occupational exposures to pesticides could diminish or
destroy the fertility of workers sparked concern about the effects of hazardous substances on …

Reproductive pathology in the male represents about 20% of infertility cases. Male infertility
may be attributed to a number of causes, including genetic and congenital abnormalities …

Semen quality has declined especially among Western men. Experimental and
epidemiological studies have shown potential links between exposure to environmental …

Several recent studies have suggested that sperm concentrations and semen quality have
been decreasing over the past several decades in many areas of the world. The etiology of …

Exposure to toxicants present in the environment, especially the so-called endocrine-
disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been associated with decreased sperm quality and …