The central nervous system (CNS) receives information from afferent neurons, circulating
hormones, and absorbed nutrients and integrates this information to orchestrate the actions …

The 'obesity epidemic'represents a major global socioeconomic burden that urgently calls
for a better understanding of the underlying causes of increased weight gain and its …

The arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus is particularly regarded as a critical platform
that integrates circulating signals of hunger and satiety reflecting energy stores and nutrient …

As the obesity epidemic, diabetes mellitus type 2, and associated comorbidities show no
signs of abating, large efforts have been put into a better understanding of the homeostatic …

Current estimates suggest that over 1 billion people are overweight and over 300 million
people are obese. Weight gain is due to an imbalance between energy expenditure and …

Arcuate nucleus neurons are known to be responsive to a wide array of hormones and
nutrients, including leptin, insulin, gonadal steroids and glucose. In addition to potential …

In the wake of the obesity pandemic, increased research efforts are under way to define how
peripheral hormones and metabolites regulate energy homeostasis. The melanocortin …

Obesity is a major health crisis affecting over a third of the global population. This
multifactorial disease is regulated via interoceptive neural circuits in the brain, whose …

Understanding body weight regulation will aid in the development of new strategies to
combat obesity. This review examines energy homeostasis and food intake behaviors …

Regulation of energy homeostasis is tightly controlled by the central nervous system (CNS).
Several key areas such as the hypothalamus and brainstem receive and integrate signals …