The increase in cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome incidence following the
onset of menopause has highlighted the role of estrogen as a cardiometabolic protective …

Before menopause, a woman has a relatively low risk for developing cardiovascular
disease. After menopause, however, the risk increases nearly twofold and cardiovascular …

Although several studies have demonstrated that chronic exposure to estrogen appears to
be cardioprotective, acute circulatory effects of estrogen are largely unknown. Therefore, we …

Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed
world, and are increasing in significance in the developing world. Elucidation of the …

BACKGROUND: Females demonstrate improved cardiac recovery after
ischemia/reperfusion injury compared with males. Attenuation of myocardial dysfunction with …

Pre-menopausal women have reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular
disease rises after menopause. Studies in animal models have also suggested that females …

A number of epidemiological and animal studies have suggested a cardioprotective role for
estrogen. This review will focus on the cardioprotective role of estrogen in ischemia …

Reperfusion of blood flow to an ischemic myocardium is imperative to survival; ironically, it
may also manifest several pathophysiological conditions. The most important of these are …

Despite conflicting evidence for the efficacy of hormone replacement therapy in
cardioprotection of postmenopausal women, numerous studies have demonstrated …

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is the most frequent cause of mortality among men and
women. Many epidemiological studies have demonstrated that premenopausal women …