Mineral-based bulk structural materials (MBSMs) are known for their long history and
extensive range of usage. The inherent brittleness of minerals poses a major problem to the …

Biomimetic mineralization is a powerful approach for the synthesis of advanced materials
with complex shape, hierarchical organization and controlled size, shape and polymorph …

Biomineralized composites, which are usually composed of microscopic mineral building
blocks organized in 3D intercrystalline organic matrices, have evolved unique structural …

Biomineralization is an attractive pathway to produce mineral-based biomaterials with high
performance and hierarchical structures. To date, the biomineralization process and …

Throughout the course of evolution, organisms have produced biominerals with hierarchical
structures derived from organic templates. Over the last couple of decades, scientists have …

New composite material designs are being inspired by the light weight, mechanically robust
and unique functions of material systems in Nature. To gain access to these designs, new …

Although biomimetic designs are expected to play a key role in exploring future structural
materials, facile fabrication of bulk biomimetic materials under ambient conditions remains a …

Many organisms construct structural ceramic (biomineral) composites from seemingly
mundane materials; cell-mediated processes control both the nucleation and growth of …

The origin of complex superstructures of biomaterials in biological systems and the amazing
self‐assembly mechanisms of their emergence have attracted a great deal of attention …

This tutorial review provides an overview of bio-directed synthesis of nanomaterials, starting
with the foundation of biomineralization research—how organisms are able to biomineralize …