When compared to the available information for patients on dialysis (CKD stage 5D), data on
the epidemiology and appropriate treatment of calcium and phosphate metabolism in the …

Background Vascular calcification, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is common
among patients with CKD and is an independent contributor to increased vascular stiffness …

Observational studies have determined hyperphosphatemia to be a cardiovascular risk
factor in chronic kidney disease. Mechanistic studies have elucidated that …

Consequences of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Hyperphosphatemia is invariably present among patients with end-stage renal disease …

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the progressive decrease in renal function leads to
disturbances of mineral metabolism that generally cause secondary hyperparathyroidism …

Patients with CKD have accelerated vascular stiffening contributing significantly to excess
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Much of the arterial stiffening is thought to involve …

Background: Arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular disease are strongly associated with
vascular calcification. Hyperphosphatemia is an essential risk factor for increased vascular …

Abstract Background. Pyrophosphate (PPi) is a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification and
may be deficient in renal failure. We sought to determine whether plasma PPi is affected by …

Cardiovascular calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease: A century-old
phenomenon. The mortality risk from cardiovascular disease is increased in patients with …

Vascular calcification is a common finding in atherosclerosis and a serious problem in
uremic patients. Because of the correlation of hyperphosphatemia and vascular calcification …