Introduction: Tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, including known
carcinogens, such as tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs). TSNA levels in cigarettes vary …

Abstract Background: Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are a class of carcinogens
found in tobacco products, whose levels can vary considerably depending on tobacco …

Introduction The tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are an important group of
carcinogens found in tobacco and tobacco smoke. To describe and characterize the levels …

The objective of this work was to characterize trends over time in urinary excretion of 4-
(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) among cigarette smokers in the US. We …

Background: Smokers are exposed to significant doses of carcinogens, including tobacco-
specific nitrosamines (TSNA). Previous studies have shown significant global differences in …

Abstract Introduction Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are potent carcinogens. Levels
of TSNAs can be modified through manufacturing practices. In the 2000s, TSNA levels in …

Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA) include 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-
butanone (NNK), N′-nitroso nornicotine (NNN), N′-nitroso anabasine (NAB) and N …

Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are one of the major classes of carcinogens found in
tobacco products. As part of collaborative efforts to reduce tobacco use and resulting …

Introduction Smoking exposes people to high levels of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines
(TSNAs), which include potent carcinogens. We systematically reviewed TSNA exposure …

The tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a
metabolite of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1 …