Background Color vision is commonly assumed to rely on photoreceptors tuned to narrow
spectral ranges. In the ommatidium of Drosophila, the four types of so-called inner …

Spectral information is commonly processed in the brain through generation of antagonistic
responses to different wavelengths. In many species, these color opponent signals arise as …

Many visual animals exploit spectral information for seeking food and mates, for identifying
preys and predators, and for navigation. Animals use chromatic information in two …

Background Color vision requires comparison between photoreceptors that are sensitive to
different wavelengths of light. In Drosophila, this is achieved by the inner photoreceptors (R7 …

Highlights•Vertebrate colour vision started with 4 cone opsins and involved reductions.•
Pancrustacean colour vision went through multiple losses and duplications.•Colour …

Color vision is an important sensory capability that enhances the detection of contrast in
retinal images. Monochromatic animals exclusively detect temporal and spatial changes in …

Drosophila vision is mediated by inputs from three types of photoreceptor neurons; R1–R6
mediate achromatic motion detection, while R7 and R8 constitute two chromatic channels …

The visual systems of most species contain photoreceptors with distinct spectral sensitivities
that allow animals to distinguish lights by their spectral composition. In Drosophila …

Color vision is widespread among insects but varies among species, depending on the
spectral sensitivities and interplay of the participating photoreceptors. The spectral sensitivity …

Color vision extracts spectral information by comparing signals from photoreceptors with
different visual pigments. Such comparisons are encoded by color-opponent neurons that …